- Thursday, Apr 2nd, 2026
| TITLE | Integral Humanism as a Holistic Political and Social Philosophy in Indian Thought |
|---|---|
| ABSTRACT | Integral Humanism represents a distinctive and indigenous contribution to Indian political and social thought, offering a holistic framework for understanding human life, society, and governance. Propounded by Deendayal Upadhyaya, Integral Humanism emerged as a response to the dominance of Western political ideologies in post-independence India. It sought to provide an alternative philosophy rooted in India’s cultural, ethical, and civilizational traditions while addressing the challenges of modern politics and society. As a holistic philosophy, Integral Humanism views the human being as an integrated whole, encompassing physical, intellectual, emotional, moral, and spiritual dimensions. It rejects reductionist approaches that interpret human life solely in economic or political terms. Unlike liberal individualism, which often emphasizes material prosperity and personal freedom at the cost of social responsibility, and collectivist ideologies such as socialism, which prioritize the state or class over the individual, Integral Humanism advocates a balanced path that harmonizes individual dignity with social welfare. In the political sphere, Integral Humanism emphasizes ethical governance, decentralization, and participatory democracy. It regards the state not merely as an instrument of power, but as a means to promote social harmony and comprehensive human development. The concept of Dharma occupies a central position in this philosophy, serving as a moral and ethical guide for both rulers and citizens. Dharma, in this sense, regulates the exercise of power and ensures that politics remains rooted in justice, responsibility, and compassion. As a social philosophy, Integral Humanism presents an organic view of society, where individuals and institutions function in mutual cooperation rather than conflict. It stresses cultural continuity, social harmony, and collective responsibility as the foundations of a stable and integrated social order. This approach is particularly relevant in the Indian context, characterized by diversity and pluralism. This paper examines Integral Humanism as a holistic political and social philosophy within Indian thought. It seeks to analyze its core principles, philosophical foundations, and contemporary relevance, highlighting its potential to contribute to ethical governance, balanced development, and social cohesion in modern India. |
| AUTHOR | Rojalin Panda, Dr. Vijay Pal Researcher, Department of Political Science, Sunrise University, Alwar (Rajasthan), India Professor, Department of Political Science, Sunrise University, Alwar (Rajasthan), India |
| VOLUME | 11 |
| DOI | DOI:10.15680/IJARETY.2024.1106117 |
| 117_Integral Humanism as a Holistic Political and Social Philosophy in Indian Thought.pdf | |
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